Kusanthula chifukwa cha kutentha kwa injini ya stepper

Chifukwa chimodzi.

Chimodzi mwa ubwino wofunika kwambiri wamota zoyendera masitependiye ulamuliro wolondola womwe ungapezeke mu dongosolo lotseguka. Kulamulira kotseguka kumatanthauza kuti palibe chidziwitso cha mayankho chokhudza malo a (rotor) chomwe chikufunika.

Kuwongolera kumeneku kumapewa kugwiritsa ntchito masensa okwera mtengo komanso zida zoyankhira monga ma optical encoders, chifukwa ma input stepping pulses okha ndi omwe amafunika kutsatiridwa kuti adziwe komwe kuli (rotor). Posachedwapa, makasitomala ena afotokozera mainjiniya athu a magalimoto a Shangshe kuti ma stepper motors nawonso amatha kukhala ndi mavuto a kutentha, ndiye tingathetse bwanji vutoli? 

1, kuchepetsamota ya stepperKutentha, kuchepetsa kutentha ndiko kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwa chitsulo. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mkuwa mbali ziwiri, kuchepetsa yin ndi magetsi, zomwe zimafuna kusankha kukana pang'ono ndi mphamvu yocheperako momwe zingathere pamene mota, mota ya magawo awiri, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mota yotsatizana osati mota yofanana, koma izi nthawi zambiri zimatsutsana ndi zofunikira za torque ndi liwiro lalikulu.

2, chifukwa cha injini yomwe yasankhidwa, iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira ntchito yowongolera theka la mphamvu ya galimotoyo komanso ntchito yosagwirizana ndi intaneti, yoyamba imachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yokha pamene injiniyo ili pampando, yachiwiriyo imangodula mphamvu yamagetsi.

3, kuphatikiza apo, gawo la mafunde a stepper motor chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apano ali pafupi ndi sinusoidal, ma harmonics ochepa, kutentha kwa injini kudzakhala kochepa. Pali njira zochepa zochepetsera kutayika kwa chitsulo, mulingo wa voltage umakhudzana ndi iyo, mota yoyendetsa voltage yayikulu ngakhale idzabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa mawonekedwe a liwiro lalikulu, komanso kubweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga kutentha. 

4, ayenera kusankha mlingo woyenera wa magetsi oyendetsa galimoto, poganizira gulu lapamwamba, kusalala ndi kutentha, phokoso ndi zizindikiro zina.

Chifukwa chachiwiri.

Ngakhale kutentha kwa injini ya stepper sikukhudza moyo wa injini, makasitomala ambiri safunika kulabadira. Koma kwenikweni kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoipa. Monga stepper motor internal thermal expansion coefficient ya gawo lililonse la kusintha kwa kupsinjika kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kusintha pang'ono kwa mpweya wamkati, zidzakhudza momwe injini ya stepper imayankhira, kuthamanga kwambiri kudzakhala kosavuta kutaya sitepe. Chitsanzo china ndichakuti nthawi zina sizimalola kutentha kwambiri kwa injini ya stepper, monga zida zamankhwala ndi zida zoyesera zolondola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kutentha kwa injini ya stepper kuyenera kukhala kofunikira kuti kulamuliridwe. Kutentha kwa injini kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu izi.

1, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe dalaivala amagwiritsa ntchito ndi yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe injiniyo imalandira

2, liwiro la injini ndi lachangu kwambiri

3, mota yokha ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso mphamvu yoyikira, kotero ngakhale ntchito yapakati-liwiro imakhala yotentha, koma sizikhudza moyo wa mota. Malo ochotsera maginito a mota mu 130-200 ℃, kotero mota mu 70-90 ℃ ndi chinthu chachibadwa, bola ngati kutentha kochepera 130 ℃ nthawi zambiri si vuto, ngati mukumva kutentha kwambiri, mphamvu yoyendetsera galimoto imayikidwa pafupifupi 70% ya mphamvu yoyendera kapena liwiro la galimoto kuti muchepetse zina.

Chifukwa chachitatu.

Stepper motor ngati chinthu choyendetsera digito, chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu dongosolo lowongolera mayendedwe. Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri komanso abwenzi pogwiritsa ntchito ma stepper motors, amaona kuti mota imagwira ntchito ndi kutentha kwakukulu, amakayikira, sakudziwa ngati izi ndi zachilendo. Ndipotu, kutentha ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri cha ma stepper motors, koma ndi kutentha kotani komwe kumaonedwa kuti ndi kwabwinobwino, ndipo mungachepetse bwanji kutentha kwa stepper motor?

 

Zotsatirazi timachita magulu osavuta, mwachiyembekezo mu ntchito yeniyeni ya mapulogalamu othandiza:

1 mfundo yotenthetsera injini

Nthawi zambiri timawona mitundu yonse ya ma mota, mkati ndi mkati mwa coil. Kupindika kumakhala ndi kukana, mphamvu zimabweretsa kutayika, kukula kwa kutayika ndi kukana ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi imafanana ndi kutayika, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kutayika kwa mkuwa, ngati mphamvu yamagetsi si ya DC kapena sine wave, komanso kutayika kwa harmonic; mphamvu yamagetsi imakhala ndi mphamvu ya eddy, mu mphamvu yamagetsi yosinthana idzabweretsanso kutayika, kukula kwa zinthu, mphamvu yamagetsi, pafupipafupi, mphamvu yamagetsi, komwe kumatchedwa kutayika kwachitsulo. Kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwachitsulo kudzawonekera mu mawonekedwe a kutentha, motero kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a mota. Ma mota a stepper nthawi zambiri amatsata kulondola kwa malo ndi kutulutsa kwa torque, magwiridwe antchito ndi otsika, mphamvu yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu, ndipo zigawo zapamwamba za harmonic, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwamagetsi kumasiyananso ndi liwiro, motero ma mota a stepper nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutentha, ndipo vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa mota wamba wa AC.

Ma mota awiri oyendera stepper kutentha koyenera

Kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe injini imaloledwa kumadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kutchinjiriza kwamkati kwa injini. Kutchinjiriza kwamkati kudzawonongeka kokha kutentha kwambiri (kupitirira madigiri 130). Chifukwa chake, bola ngati mkati mwake simupitirira madigiri 130, motayo sidzawononga mphete, ndipo kutentha kwa pamwamba kudzakhala pansi pa madigiri 90 pamalopo. Chifukwa chake, kutentha kwa pamwamba pa injini ya stepper mu madigiri 70-80 ndi kwabwinobwino. Njira yosavuta yoyezera kutentha ndi thermometer yothandiza, mutha kudziwanso mozama: ndi dzanja likhoza kukhudza masekondi opitilira 1-2, osapitirira madigiri 60; ndi dzanja likhoza kukhudza, pafupifupi madigiri 70-80; madontho ochepa amadzi amatuluka mwachangu, ndi madigiri opitilira 90

Kutentha kwa injini zitatu zoyendera ndi kusintha kwa liwiro

Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woyendetsa wamagetsi wokhazikika, mota ya stepper pa liwiro lokhazikika komanso lotsika, magetsi azikhalabe okhazikika kuti asunge mphamvu yotulutsa yamagetsi yokhazikika. Liwiro likakwera kwambiri pamlingo winawake, mphamvu yamkati ya mota imakwera, mphamvu yamagetsi imatsika pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi imatsikanso. Chifukwa chake, momwe kutentha kumakhalira chifukwa cha kutayika kwa mkuwa kumadalira liwiro. Mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yotsika nthawi zambiri imapanga kutentha kwakukulu, pomwe liwiro lalikulu limapanga kutentha kochepa. Koma kutayika kwa chitsulo (ngakhale kuti ndi gawo laling'ono) kusintha sikofanana, ndipo kutentha konse kwa mota ndi zonse ziwiri, kotero zomwe zili pamwambapa ndi zomwe zikuchitika.

4 kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugundana

Ngakhale kutentha kwa injini nthawi zambiri sikukhudza moyo wa injini, makasitomala ambiri safunika kulabadira. Koma kwenikweni kumabweretsa zotsatirapo zoipa. Monga ma coefficients osiyanasiyana a kutentha kwa ziwalo zamkati mwa injini kumabweretsa kusintha kwa kupsinjika kwa kapangidwe kake ndi kusintha pang'ono kwa mpweya wamkati, kudzakhudza momwe injini imayankhira mwachangu, kuthamanga kwambiri kudzakhala kosavuta kutaya liwiro. Chitsanzo china ndichakuti nthawi zina sizimalola kutentha kwambiri kwa injini, monga zida zamankhwala ndi zida zoyesera zolondola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kupanga kutentha kwa injini kuyenera kulamulidwa ngati pakufunika kutero.

 5 Momwe mungachepetsere kutentha kwa injini

Kuchepetsa kupanga kutentha, ndiko kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwa chitsulo. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mkuwa mbali ziwiri, kuchepetsa kukana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, zomwe zimafuna kusankha mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yocheperako momwe zingathere pamene mota, mota ya magawo awiri, ingagwiritse ntchito mota motsatizana popanda mota yofanana. Koma izi nthawi zambiri zimatsutsana ndi zofunikira za torque ndi liwiro lalikulu. Pa mota yosankhidwa, ntchito yowongolera ya theka lamagetsi yokha komanso ntchito yopanda intaneti ya drive iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira, yoyambayo imachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi pamene mota ili pampando, ndipo yachiwiri imangodula mphamvu yamagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, drive yogawa magawo, chifukwa mawonekedwe amagetsi amagetsi ali pafupi ndi sinusoidal, ma harmonics ochepa, kutentha kwa injini kudzakhalanso kochepa. Pali njira zochepa zochepetsera kutayika kwa chitsulo, ndipo mulingo wamagetsi umagwirizana nawo. Ngakhale mota yoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu idzabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe a liwiro lalikulu, imabweretsanso kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga kutentha. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha mulingo woyenera wamagetsi amagetsi, poganizira liwiro lalikulu, kusalala ndi kutentha, phokoso ndi zizindikiro zina.

Pa mitundu yonse ya ma stepper motors, mkati mwake muli chitsulo chapakati ndi chozungulira. Chozunguliracho chili ndi kukana, mphamvu zake zimabweretsa kutayika, kukula kwa kutayika kumafanana ndi sikweya ya kukana ndi mphamvu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa copper meteor, ngati mphamvu zake sizili za DC kapena sine wave, komanso kutayika kwa harmonic; mphamvu zake zimakhala ndi hysteresis eddy current effect, mu alternating magnetic field idzabweretsanso kutayika, kukula kwa zinthu, mphamvu zake, ma frequency, voltage, komwe kumatchedwa kutayika kwa chitsulo. Kutayika kwa mkuwa ndi kutayika kwa chitsulo kudzawonekera mu mawonekedwe a kutentha, motero zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a mota. Ma stepper motors nthawi zambiri amatsata kulondola kwa malo ndi kutulutsa kwa torque, magwiridwe antchito ake ndi otsika, mphamvu zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu, ndipo zigawo zake zimakhala ndi harmonic zambiri, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mphamvu kumasiyananso ndi liwiro, motero ma stepper motors nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kutentha, ndipo vutoli ndi lalikulu kwambiri kuposa mota wamba wa AC.