Ma mota oyendera masitepeNdi zipangizo zoyendera zosiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi phindu lotsika poyerekeza ndi ma servo motors. Ndi zipangizo zomwe zimasintha mphamvu ya makina ndi yamagetsi. Mota yomwe imasintha mphamvu ya makina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi imatchedwa "jenereta"; mota yomwe imasintha mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu ya makina imatchedwa "mota". Ma stepper motors ndi ma servo motors ndi zinthu zowongolera mayendedwe zomwe zimatha kupeza bwino mayendedwe a zida zodziyimira pawokha komanso momwe zimayendera, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zodziyimira pawokha.
Pali mitundu itatu ya rotor ya stepper motor: yogwira ntchito (mtundu wa VR), maginito okhazikika (mtundu wa PM) ndi yosakanikirana (mtundu wa HB). 1) Yogwira ntchito (mtundu wa VR): giya yokhala ndi mano ozungulira. 2) Maginito okhazikika (mtundu wa PM): rotor yokhala ndi maginito okhazikika. 3) Yophatikiza (mtundu wa HB): giya yokhala ndi maginito okhazikika komanso mano ozungulira. Ma mota ozungulira amagawidwa malinga ndi ma windings pa stator: pali magawo awiri, magawo atatu ndi magawo asanu. Ma mota okhala ndi ma stator awiri amakhala ma mota awiri ndipo omwe ali ndi ma stator asanu amatchedwa ma mota asanu. Magawo ambiri ndi kugunda kwa mota yozungulira, imakhala yolondola kwambiri.
Ma mota a HB amatha kuchita zinthu molunjika pang'onopang'ono, pomwe ma mota a PM nthawi zambiri safuna kulondola kwambiri.Ma mota a HBakhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira zovuta komanso zolondola zowongolera mayendedwe. Ma mota a PM ndi ochepa mu torque ndi voliyumu, nthawi zambiri safuna kulondola kwambiri, ndipo ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri. Makampani: makina opangira nsalu, kulongedza chakudya. Ponena za njira zopangira ndi kulondola kwa kuwongolera magalimoto,Ma mota a HB stepperndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa ma mota a PM stepper.
Ma stepper motors ndi ma servo motors onse ndi zinthu zowongolera mayendedwe, koma zimasiyana mu magwiridwe antchito awo. Stepper motor ndi chipangizo choyenda chokha chomwe chimalandira lamulo ndikuyendetsa sitepe. Ma stepper motors amasintha chizindikiro cha pulse cholowera kukhala chosuntha cha angular. Woyendetsa galimoto ya stepper akalandira chizindikiro cha pulse, amayendetsa galimoto ya stepper kuti izungulire ndi ngodya yokhazikika mbali yomwe yakhazikitsidwa. Servo motor ndi njira ya servo momwe zizindikiro zamagetsi zimasinthidwa kukhala torque ndi liwiro kuti ziyendetse chinthu chowongolera, chomwe chimatha kuwongolera liwiro ndi kulondola kwa malo.
✓ Ma stepper motors, ma servo motors ndi osiyana kwambiri pankhani ya ma frequency otsika, ma frequency a mphindi ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo:.
Kulondola kowongolera: magawo ndi mizere yambiri ya ma stepper motors, kulondola kumakwera; kulondola kowongolera kwa ma AC servo motors kumatsimikiziridwa ndi rotary encoder kumapeto kwa shaft ya mota, ma encoder scales ambiri, kulondola kumakwera.
✓ Makhalidwe a ma frequency otsika: ma stepper motors amatha kugwedezeka ndi ma frequency otsika pa liwiro lotsika, izi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa ma frequency otsika zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya ma stepper motors zimawononga magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a makinawo, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wochepetsa mphamvu kuti athetse kugwedezeka ndi ma frequency otsika; makina a AC servo ali ndi ntchito yoletsa kugwedezeka, yomwe imatha kuphimba kusowa kwa kulimba kwa makinawo. Ntchito yake ndi yosalala kwambiri ndipo palibe kugwedezeka komwe kumachitika ngakhale pa liwiro lotsika.
✓ Makhalidwe a ma torque-frequency: mphamvu yotulutsa ya ma stepper motors imachepa ndi liwiro lowonjezeka, kotero liwiro lawo lalikulu logwira ntchito ndi 300-600RPM; ma servo motors amatha kutulutsa mphamvu yovomerezeka mpaka liwiro lovomerezeka (nthawi zambiri 2000-3000RPM), ndipo liwiro loposa lomwe lavomerezedwa ndi mphamvu yokhazikika.
✓ Mphamvu yokweza katundu wambiri: ma mota oyendera sitima alibe mphamvu yokweza katundu wambiri; ma mota a servo ali ndi mphamvu yokweza katundu wambiri.
✓ Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka mayankho: ma stepper motors amatenga 200-400 ms kuti afulumizitse liwiro lawo kuchokera pa kuyima mpaka pa liwiro logwira ntchito (ma revolutions mazana angapo pamphindi); AC servo ili ndi liwiro labwino kwambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazochitika zowongolera zomwe zimafuna kuyambika/kuyima mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, Panasonic MASA 400W AC servo imafulumizitsa liwiro lawo kuchokera pa kuyima mpaka kufika pa liwiro la 3000RPM m'masekondi ochepa chabe.
Kagwiridwe ka ntchito: ma mota a stepper amawongoleredwa mozungulira, ndipo amatha kutayika kapena kutsekeka ngati ma frequency oyambira ali okwera kwambiri kapena katundu ali wamkulu kwambiri, komanso amawongoleredwa mopitirira muyeso ngati liwiro lili lalikulu kwambiri akaima; AC servo imawongoleredwa mozungulira mozungulira, ndipo dalaivala amatha kuyesa mwachindunji chizindikiro cha feedback cha encoder ya mota, kotero nthawi zambiri palibe kutayika kapena kuwongoleredwa mozungulira kwa mota wa stepper, ndipo magwiridwe antchito owongolera ndi odalirika kwambiri.
Servo ya AC ndi yabwino kuposa mota ya stepper pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito, koma mota ya stepper ili ndi ubwino wotsika mtengo. Servo ya AC ndi yabwino kuposa mota za stepper pankhani ya liwiro loyankha, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu komanso magwiridwe antchito, koma mota za stepper zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina zosavuta chifukwa cha phindu lawo pamtengo wotsika. Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa closed-loop, mota za closed-loop stepper zimatha kupereka kulondola komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, zomwe zingathandize kuti mota za servo zigwire ntchito bwino, komanso zili ndi ubwino wotsika mtengo.
Yang'anani patsogolo ndikuyika madera omwe akutukuka kumene. Magwiritsidwe ntchito a ma stepper motor asintha kapangidwe kake, pomwe msika wachikhalidwe ukufika pakuchuluka kwa zinthu ndipo mafakitale atsopano akutuluka. Zogulitsa zamagalimoto owongolera ndi makina oyendetsa za kampaniyo zili mkati mwa zida zamankhwala, maloboti ogwirira ntchito, makina odziyimira pawokha m'mafakitale, chidziwitso ndi kulumikizana, chitetezo ndi mafakitale ena omwe akutukuka kumene, omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu la bizinesi yonse ndipo akukula mwachangu. Kufunika kwa ma stepper motors kumakhudzana ndi chuma, ukadaulo, mulingo wa makina odziyimira pawokha m'mafakitale komanso mulingo wa chitukuko chaukadaulo cha ma stepper motors okha. Msika wafika pakuchuluka m'mafakitale achikhalidwe monga makina oyendetsera maofesi, makamera a digito ndi zida zapakhomo, pomwe mafakitale atsopano akupitilirabe kutukuka, monga kusindikiza kwa 3D, kupanga mphamvu ya dzuwa, zida zamankhwala ndi ntchito zamagalimoto.
| Minda | Mapulogalamu enieni |
| Ofesi yokha | Makina osindikizira, ma scanner, ma copier, ma MFP, ndi zina zotero. |
| Kuunikira kwa Pasiteji | Kuwongolera kuwala, kuyang'ana kwambiri, kusintha kwa mitundu, kuwongolera malo, zotsatira za kuwala, ndi zina zotero. |
| Mabanki | Makina a ATM, kusindikiza mabilu, kupanga makadi a banki, makina owerengera ndalama, ndi zina zotero. |
| Zachipatala | Chojambulira cha CT, chowunikira magazi, chowunikira za biochemistry, ndi zina zotero. |
| Zamakampani | Makina opangira nsalu, makina olongedza, maloboti, zonyamulira, mizere yosonkhanitsira, makina oyika zinthu, ndi zina zotero. |
| Kulankhulana | Kukonza ma signali, kuika ma antenna oyenda, ndi zina zotero. |
| Chitetezo | Kuwongolera mayendedwe a makamera oyang'anira. |
| Magalimoto | Kuwongolera ma valavu a mafuta/gasi, njira yowongolera yopepuka. |
Makampani Oyamba Kusindikiza 1: Kusindikiza kwa 3D kukupitilizabe kupita patsogolo mu ukadaulo wa R&D ndikukulitsa zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi misika yapakhomo ndi yapadziko lonse ikukula pamlingo wa pafupifupi 30%. Kusindikiza kwa 3D kumachokera ku mitundu ya digito, kuyika zinthu motsatira mzere kuti apange zinthu zakuthupi. Mota ndi gawo lofunikira la mphamvu pa chosindikizira cha 3D, kulondola kwa mota kumakhudza zotsatira za kusindikiza kwa 3D, makamaka kusindikiza kwa 3D pogwiritsa ntchito ma stepper motors. 2019, makampani osindikiza a 3D padziko lonse lapansi a $12 biliyoni, kuwonjezeka kwa 30% pachaka;.
Makampani Oyamba 2: Maloboti oyenda ndi mafoni amayendetsedwa ndi makompyuta, ndipo ntchito zake ndi monga kuyenda, kuyenda pa intaneti, kulamulira masensa ambiri, kuyanjana ndi maukonde, ndi zina zotero. Ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga zinthu ndi kusamalira zinthu, popanda kusinthasintha kwakukulu.
Ma stepper motors amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu drive module ya ma robot oyenda, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka drive kamapangidwira kuchokera ku ma drive motors ndi ma reduction gear (ma gearbox). Ngakhale kuti makampani opanga ma robot am'nyumba anayamba mochedwa poyerekeza ndi mayiko akunja, ali patsogolo pa mayiko akunja pankhani ya ma robot oyenda. Pakadali pano, zigawo zazikulu za ma robot oyenda zimapangidwa kwambiri m'dziko muno, ndipo mabizinesi am'nyumba afika pa zofunikira zolondola m'mbali zonse, ndipo pali mabizinesi ochepa akunja omwe akupikisana nawo.
Kukula kwa msika wa maloboti oyenda m'manja ku China kudzafika pafupifupi $6.2 biliyoni mu 2019, kukwera ndi 45% pachaka. Kuyambitsidwa kwa maloboti oyeretsa akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi komwe kudzakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito oyeretsa. Kuyambitsidwa kwa "loboti yachiwiri" mu 2018 kukutsatira kuyambitsidwa kwa loboti yokhala ngati munthu. "Loboti yachiwiri" ndi loboti yanzeru yotsuka zovala yokhala ndi masensa angapo kuti izindikire zopinga, masitepe ndi mayendedwe a anthu. Imatha kuthamanga kwa maola atatu pa chaji imodzi ndipo imatha kuyeretsa malo okwana masikweya mita 1,500. "Loboti yachiwiri" ikhoza kulowa m'malo mwa antchito ambiri oyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo imatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kutsuka zovala ndi kuyeretsa kuwonjezera pa ntchito yoyeretsa yomwe ilipo.
Makampani Oyamba 3: Pamene 5G ikuyambitsidwa, chiwerengero cha ma antenna a malo olumikizirana chikukwera ndipo chiwerengero cha ma motors omwe amafunikira chikukweranso. Kawirikawiri, ma antenna atatu amafunika pa malo olumikizirana wamba, ma antenna 4-6 pa malo olumikizirana a 4G, komanso kuchuluka kwa malo olumikizirana ndi ma antenna a mapulogalamu a 5G chifukwa amafunika kuphimba njira zolumikizirana zachikhalidwe pafoni yam'manja ndi mapulogalamu olumikizirana a IoT. Zogulitsa zamagalimoto olamulira okhala ndi zigawo za ma gearbox zikukhala chitukuko chodziwika bwino cha mafakitale a ma antenna a siteshoni ya base. Mota imodzi yowongolera yokhala ndi gearbox imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa antenna iliyonse ya ESC.
Chiwerengero cha malo oyambira a 4G chinawonjezeka ndi 1.72 miliyoni mu 2019, ndipo kumangidwa kwa 5G kukuyembekezeka kutsegula njira yatsopano. Mu 2019, chiwerengero cha malo oyambira mafoni ku China chinafika 8.41 miliyoni, pomwe 5.44 miliyoni anali malo oyambira a 4G, zomwe ndi 65%. Mu 2019, chiwerengero cha malo atsopano a 4G chinawonjezeka ndi 1.72 miliyoni, ambiri kuyambira 2015, makamaka chifukwa cha 1) kukulitsa netiweki kuti ikwaniritse malo osawoneka bwino m'madera akumidzi. 2) Mphamvu yayikulu ya netiweki idzakwezedwa kuti ikhazikitse maziko omanga netiweki ya 5G. Chilolezo cha malonda cha 5G ku China chidzaperekedwa mu June 2019, ndipo pofika Meyi 2020, malo opitilira 250,000 a 5G adzatsegulidwa mdziko lonselo.
Makampani Oyamba 5: Zipangizo zachipatala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma stepper motors ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zomwe Vic-Tech imagwira ntchito kwambiri. Kuyambira chitsulo mpaka pulasitiki, zipangizo zachipatala zimafuna kulondola kwambiri popanga. Opanga zida zachipatala ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma servo motors kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zolondola, koma chifukwa ma stepper motors ndi otsika mtengo komanso ang'onoang'ono kuposa ma servo, ndipo kulondola kwake kumatha kukwaniritsa zida zina zachipatala, ma stepper motors amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga zida zachipatala ndipo amathanso kusintha ma servo motors ena.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-19-2023