Chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika encoder pagalimoto yanga? Kodi ma encoder amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kodi encoder ndi chiyani?

Panthawi yoyendetsa galimoto, kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yeniyeni ya magawo monga panopa, kuthamanga kwaposachedwa, ndi malo ozungulira a mayendedwe ozungulira a shaft yozungulira amatsimikizira momwegalimotothupi ndi zida zomwe zikukokedwa, komanso, kuwongolera nthawi yeniyeni yagalimoto ndi zida zogwirira ntchito, pozindikira kusungidwa, kuwongolera liwiro, ndi ntchito zina zambiri.

Apa, kugwiritsa ntchito encoder ngati gawo lakutsogolo lakutsogolo sikumangofewetsa dongosolo loyezera, komanso lolondola, lodalirika komanso lamphamvu.

Encoder ndi sensa yozungulira yomwe imasintha malo ndi kusuntha kwa magawo ozungulira kukhala mndandanda wa zizindikiro zamtundu wa digito, zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi kukonzedwa ndi dongosolo lolamulira kuti lipereke malamulo angapo kuti asinthe ndikusintha momwe zimagwirira ntchito. Ngati encoder itaphatikizidwa ndi giya kapena screw screw, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza kuchuluka kwa malo ndi kusamuka kwa mizere yosuntha.

Gulu loyambira la encoder

Encoder ndi makina osakanikirana apafupipafupi a zipangizo zoyezera molondola, chizindikiro kapena deta yolembera, kutembenuza, kulankhulana, kutumiza ndi kusunga deta ya chizindikiro.
Encoder ndi chipangizo choyezera cholondola chomwe chimaphatikiza zida zamakina ndi zamagetsi kuti zisindikize, kutembenuza, kulankhulana, kutumiza ndi kusunga zizindikiro ndi deta. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, gulu la encoder lili motere: code disc ndi code scale: kusamutsidwa kwa mzere muzitsulo zamagetsi zomwe zimatchedwa code scale encoder, kusamuka kwa angular mu telecommunications kwa code disc, - encoder yowonjezereka: kupereka malo, ngodya ndi chiwerengero cha laps, etc. -Absolute encoder: Perekani zidziwitso monga malo, ngodya ndi kuchuluka kwa masinthidwe ang'onoang'ono, kuwonjezereka kulikonse kwa angular kumapatsidwa code yapadera.
- Ma encoder a Hybrid absolute: Ma encoder a Hybrid absolute amatulutsa zidziwitso ziwiri: chidziwitso chimodzi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira malo amitengo ya maginito, ndi ntchito ya chidziwitso chonse; seti inayo ndi yofanana ndendende ndi chidziwitso chotuluka cha ma encoder owonjezera.

Ma encoders omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirimagalimoto

Encoder yowonjezera

Mwachindunji ntchito mfundo photoelectric kutembenuka linanena bungwe atatu lalikulu yoweyula zimachitika A, B ndi Z. A, B awiri wa seti zimachitika gawo kusiyana 90o, mosavuta kudziwa malangizo a kasinthasintha; Z-gawo lililonse kugunda kwamphamvu, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika malo. Ubwino: mfundo yosavuta yomanga, pafupifupi moyo wamakina wa maola masauzande ambiri kapena kupitilira apo, mphamvu zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza, kudalirika kwakukulu, koyenera kufalitsa mtunda wautali. Zoyipa: kulephera kutulutsa chidziwitso chonse cha malo ozungulira shaft.

Ma encoder athunthu

Direct linanena bungwe digito kachipangizo, kachipangizo zozungulira code chimbale pamodzi ndi radial malangizo angapo concentric code ngalande, njira iliyonse ndi magawo kuwala mandala ndi kuwala-impermeable magawo pakati pa zikuchokera chiwerengero cha moyandikana magawo ma code njira ndi ubale wapawiri pakati pa chiwerengero cha ma code code pa code chimbale ndi chiwerengero cha manambala bayinare pa chiwerengero cha njira code ndi chiwerengero cha ma disc a mbali ya gwero la code code, mbali zina za code disc mogwirizana ndi njira iliyonse yama code pali chinthu chosavuta kumva; pamene code disc ili m'malo osiyana, chinthu chowunikira kuwala molingana ndi kuwala kapena kusasintha chizindikiro chofananira kuti chipange nambala ya binary. Pamene code disc ili m'malo osiyanasiyana, chinthu chilichonse cha photosensitive chimasintha chizindikiro chofananira molingana ndi chowunikira kapena ayi kuti chipange nambala ya binary.

Mtundu uwu wa encoder umadziwika kuti sufuna kauntala ndipo nambala yokhazikika ya digito yogwirizana ndi malowa imatha kuwerengedwa pamalo aliwonse a shaft yozungulira. Mwachiwonekere, njira yowonjezereka ya ma code, ndipamwamba kwambiri, kwa encoder yokhala ndi N-bit binary resolution, code disc iyenera kukhala ndi N barcode channel. Pakadali pano, pali zinthu za 16-bit absolute encoder.

Encoder ntchito mfundo

Pakatikati ndi tsinde la mbale photoelectric code mbale, amene ali mphete mu mizere mdima, pali photoelectric transmitter ndi wolandila zipangizo kuwerenga, kupeza seti anayi a sine wave zizindikiro pamodzi A, B, C, D, aliyense mafunde a sine ndi gawo kusiyana madigiri 90 (chikugwirizana ndi circumferential yoweyula kwa 360 digiri pa 360 digiri muversion, D, pamwamba pa A, D, pamwamba pa C, D, pamwamba pa C, D, D) akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuti akhazikitse chizindikiro; ndi kutembenuka kwina kulikonse kutulutsa Z-gawo pulse m'malo mwa zero position Reference position.
Monga A, B magawo awiri osiyana a madigiri 90, akhoza kufananizidwa ndi gawo A kutsogolo kapena B gawo kutsogolo, kuti muzindikire encoder zabwino ndi zozungulira mozungulira, kudzera ziro kugunda, inu mukhoza kupeza encoder ziro zolozera malo.

Encoder chimbale zinthu ali galasi, zitsulo, pulasitiki, galasi chimbale waikidwa mu galasi pa woonda kwambiri lolembedwa mzere, kukhazikika kwake matenthedwe ndi zabwino, mwatsatanetsatane mkulu, zitsulo chimbale mwachindunji kudutsa ndipo osadutsa mzere lolembedwa, osati osalimba, koma chifukwa cha makulidwe ena a zitsulo, mwatsatanetsatane ndi malire, ndi matenthedwe bata adzakhala woipa kuposa wa galasi la galasi la dongosolo ndi otsika mtengo, koma pulasitiki discnitude dongosolo, koma mtengo wa pulasitiki ndi otsika mtengo. kulondola, kukhazikika kwamafuta, chiyembekezo cha moyo chimakhala choyipa. Ma disks apulasitiki ndi okwera mtengo, koma kulondola, kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ndi moyo wautali ndizoipa.

Resolution - encoder yopereka mizere ingati kapena yakuda pamadigiri 360 a kasinthasintha imatchedwa kusamvana, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kusanja kwa index, kapena kutchedwa mizere ingati, nthawi zambiri mizere 5 ~ 10,000 pa revolution index.

Kuyeza kwa Udindo ndi Mfundo Zowongolera Mayankho

Ma encoder amakhala ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri pakukweza, zida zamakina, kukonza zinthu, makina oyankha pamagalimoto ndi zida zoyezera ndi zowongolera. Ma encoder amagwiritsa ntchito ma grating ndi magwero a kuwala kwa infuraredi kuti asinthe ma siginecha owoneka kukhala ma siginecha amagetsi a TTL (HTL) kudzera pa wolandila, omwe amawonetsa mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi malo agalimoto posanthula kuchuluka kwa mulingo wa TTL ndi kuchuluka kwa milingo yayikulu.

Monga momwe ngodya ndi malo angayesedwe molondola, n'zotheka kupanga dongosolo lotsekedwa lotsekedwa ndi encoder ndi inverter kuti ulamuliro ukhale wolondola kwambiri, chifukwa chake kukweza, zida zamakina, ndi zina zotero zingagwiritsidwe ntchito molondola.

Chidule

Mwachidule, timamvetsetsa kuti encoder imagawidwa kukhala mitundu iwiri yowonjezereka komanso yokwanira molingana ndi kapangidwe kake, ndi zizindikiro zina, monga zizindikiro za kuwala, muzitsulo zamagetsi zomwe zingathe kufufuzidwa ndikuwongoleredwa. Ndipo tikukhala mu kukweza wamba, zida zamakina zimangotengera kuwongolera kolondola kwagalimoto, kudzera mumayendedwe amagetsi otsekeka otsekeka, encoder yokhala ndi ma frequency converter ndi nkhani yotsimikizika kuti akwaniritse kuwongolera kolondola.