Kodi cholembera mawu (encoder) n'chiyani?
Pa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni magawo monga mphamvu yamagetsi, liwiro lozungulira, ndi malo ozungulira a shaft yozungulira kumatsimikiza momwe injini ilili.motathupi ndi zida zomwe zikukokedwa, komanso kuwongolera injini nthawi yeniyeni ndi momwe zida zimagwirira ntchito, motero kuzindikira kutumikira, kuwongolera liwiro, ndi ntchito zina zambiri zapadera.
Apa, kugwiritsa ntchito encoder ngati chinthu choyezera chakutsogolo sikuti kumangopangitsa kuti njira yoyezera ikhale yosavuta, komanso kumatanthauza kuti ndi yolondola, yodalirika komanso yamphamvu.
Encoder ndi sensa yozungulira yomwe imasintha malo ndi kusamutsa kwa ziwalo zozungulira kukhala zizindikiro zingapo za digito, zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndikukonzedwa ndi makina owongolera kuti apereke malamulo angapo kuti asinthe ndikusintha momwe chipangizocho chikugwirira ntchito. Ngati encoder iphatikizidwa ndi giya bar kapena screw screw, ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyeza kuchuluka kwa malo ndi kusamutsa kwa ziwalo zoyenda molunjika.
Kugawa koyambira kwa encoder
Encoder ndi njira yolumikizirana yamakina ndi zamagetsi yolumikizirana bwino ya zida zoyezera molondola, chizindikiro kapena deta yolembera, kutembenuza, yolumikizirana, kutumiza ndi kusungira deta ya chizindikiro.
Chojambulira ndi chipangizo choyezera molondola chomwe chimaphatikiza zigawo zamakina ndi zamagetsi kuti zilembe, kusintha, kulankhulana, kutumiza ndikusunga zizindikiro ndi deta. Malinga ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, kugawa kwa chojambulira ndi motere: diski ya code ndi sikelo ya code: kusuntha kolunjika kupita ku zizindikiro zamagetsi zotchedwa code scale encoder, kusuntha kwa angular kupita ku mauthenga a code disc, - chojambulira chowonjezera: kupereka malo, ngodya ndi chiwerengero cha maulendo, ndi zina zotero, ku chiwerengero cha ma pulses pa kutembenuka kulikonse kuti afotokoze liwiro la zosiyana. - Chojambulira chokhazikika: Perekani zambiri monga malo, ngodya ndi chiwerengero cha ma revolutions mu angular increments, angular increment iliyonse imapatsidwa code yapadera.
-Ma encoder athunthu osakanizidwa: Ma encoder athunthu osakanizidwa amatulutsa magulu awiri azidziwitso: gulu limodzi lazidziwitso limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira malo a maginito, ndi ntchito ya chidziwitso chokwanira; gulu lina ndi lofanana ndi chidziwitso chotulutsa cha ma encoder owonjezera.
Ma encoder omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirimota
Cholembera chowonjezera
Pogwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji mfundo yosinthira magetsi kuti atulutse ma seti atatu a mafunde a sikweya A, B ndi Z. A, B ma seti awiri a mafunde kusiyana kwa gawo la 90o, kumatha kudziwa mosavuta komwe akupita; Z-gawo lililonse kutembenukira kugunda, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poika malo ofotokozera. Ubwino: mfundo yosavuta yomanga, moyo wapakati wa makina ndi maola masauzande ambiri kapena kuposerapo, mphamvu yolimbana ndi kusokoneza, kudalirika kwambiri, koyenera kutumiza mtunda wautali. Zoyipa: kulephera kutulutsa chidziwitso chokwanira cha malo ozungulira shaft.
Ma encoder athunthu
Sensor yotulutsa mwachindunji ya digito, sensor yozungulira code disc motsatira njira yozungulira ya njira zingapo zozungulira code, njira iliyonse ndi magawo owonekera bwino komanso osalowa kuwala pakati pa kapangidwe ka chiwerengero cha magawo oyandikana ndi njira zoyendetsera code ndi ubale wapawiri pakati pa chiwerengero cha njira zoyendetsera code pa code disc ndi chiwerengero cha manambala a binary pa chiwerengero cha njira zoyendetsera code ndi chiwerengero cha zidutswa za code disc yake, mu code disc ya mbali ya gwero la kuwala, mbali inayo ya njira yolumikizirana ndi code iliyonse pali chinthu chowunikira kuwala; pamene code disc ili pamalo osiyana, chinthu chowunikira kuwala chimasintha chizindikiro chowunikira malinga ndi kuwala kapena ayi kuti chipange nambala ya binary. Pamene code disc ili m'malo osiyanasiyana, chinthu chilichonse chowunikira kuwala chimasintha chizindikiro cholingana cha level malinga ndi kuwala kapena ayi kuti chipange nambala ya binary.
Mtundu uwu wa encoder umadziwika ndi mfundo yakuti sufuna kauntala ndipo khodi yokhazikika ya digito yogwirizana ndi malo imatha kuwerengedwa pamalo aliwonse a shaft yozungulira. Mwachiwonekere, njira ya code ikakhala yochuluka, ndiye kuti resolution imakhala yokwera, pa encoder yokhala ndi N-bit binary resolution, diski ya code iyenera kukhala ndi njira ya N barcode. Pakadali pano, pali zinthu za 16-bit absolute encoder.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya encoder
Pakatikati pali shaft ya plate ya code ya photoelectric, yomwe ili ndi mphete kudzera mu mizere yakuda, pali zida zotumizira ndi zolandirira za photoelectric zoti ziwerengedwe, kuti mupeze ma seti anayi a ma signali a sine omwe amaphatikizidwa kukhala A, B, C, D, mafunde aliwonse a sine okhala ndi kusiyana kwa magawo a madigiri 90 (poyerekeza ndi mafunde ozungulira a madigiri 360), kusintha kwa chizindikiro cha C, D, komwe kumayikidwa pa magawo awiri a A, B, omwe amatha kukulitsidwa kuti akhazikitse chizindikirocho; ndipo china chilichonse chimatembenukira kuti chitulutse pulse ya Z-phase m'malo mwa zero position Reference position.
Popeza kusiyana kwa magawo awiri a A, B ndi madigiri 90, kungayerekezedwe ndi gawo la A kutsogolo kapena gawo la B kutsogolo, kuti muzindikire kuzungulira kwabwino ndi kobwerera m'mbuyo kwa encoder, kudzera mu zero pulse, mutha kupeza malo ofotokozera a zero a encoder.
Zipangizo za encoder disc zili ndi galasi, chitsulo, pulasitiki, galasi disc limayikidwa mu galasi pamzere woonda kwambiri wojambulidwa, kukhazikika kwake kwa kutentha ndi kwabwino, kulondola kwambiri, chitsulo disc mwachindunji kuti chidutse osati kudutsa mzere wojambulidwa, sichimasweka, koma chifukwa cha makulidwe ena a chitsulo, kulondola kwake kumakhala kochepa, ndipo kukhazikika kwake kwa kutentha kudzakhala koipa kuposa kwa galasi la mtundu waukulu, pulasitiki disc ndi yotsika mtengo, mtengo wake ndi wotsika, koma kulondola, kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ndi nthawi ya moyo ndi yoipa kwambiri. Ma disc apulasitiki ndi otsika mtengo, koma kulondola, kukhazikika kwa kutentha, ndi nthawi ya moyo ndi yoipa kwambiri.
Chosinthira - cholembera kuti chipereke mizere ingati yodutsa kapena yakuda pa madigiri 360 ozungulira chimatchedwa resolution, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti resolution ya index, kapena imatchedwa mwachindunji mizere ingati, nthawi zambiri mizere 5 ~ 10,000 pa revolution index.
Kuyeza Malo ndi Mfundo Zowongolera Ndemanga
Ma encoder ali ndi udindo wofunikira kwambiri m'ma lift, zida zamakina, kukonza zinthu, machitidwe oyankha ma motor ndi zida zoyezera ndi zowongolera. Ma encoder amagwiritsa ntchito ma grating a optical ndi ma infrared light sources kuti asinthe ma optical signals kukhala ma TTL (HTL) electrical signals kudzera mu receiver, yomwe imawonetsa ngodya yozungulira ndi malo a motor pofufuza kuchuluka kwa TTL level ndi kuchuluka kwa ma high levels.
Popeza ngodya ndi malo zimatha kuyezedwa molondola, n'zotheka kupanga njira yowongolera yotsekedwa yokhala ndi encoder ndi inverter kuti chowongoleracho chikhale cholondola kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake ma lift, zida zamakina, ndi zina zotero zingagwiritsidwe ntchito molondola kwambiri.
Chidule
Mwachidule, tikumvetsa kuti encoder imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yowonjezereka komanso yokhazikika malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, komanso ndi zizindikiro zina, monga zizindikiro za kuwala, kukhala zizindikiro zamagetsi zomwe zitha kusanthulidwa ndikuwongoleredwa. Ndipo timakhala mu lifti wamba, zida zamakina zimangotengera kulamulira kolondola kwa mota, kudzera mu mayankho a chizindikiro chamagetsi chotsekedwa, encoder yokhala ndi chosinthira pafupipafupi ndi nkhani yachidziwikire kuti tikwaniritse kulamulira kolondola.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-23-2024