Mbatata yotentha! "- Aka aka kakhala koyamba kuti mainjiniya, opanga, ndi ophunzira ambiri agwiritse ntchito ma micro stepper motors panthawi yokonza projekiti." Ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri kuti ma micro stepper motors amatulutsa kutentha panthawi yogwira ntchito.

Kutentha kwambiri sikumangochepetsa mphamvu zamagalimoto, torque, komanso kulondola, komanso kumathandizira kukalamba kwamkati mkati mwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mota. Ngati mukulimbana ndi kutentha kwa micro stepper motors pa chosindikizira cha 3D, makina a CNC, kapena loboti, ndiye kuti nkhaniyi ndi yanu. Tidzafufuza zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha thupi ndikukupatsirani njira 5 zoziziritsira nthawi yomweyo.

Gawo 1: Kufufuza kwazomwe zimayambitsa - chifukwa chiyani injini yaying'ono imatulutsa kutentha?

Choyamba, m'pofunika kufotokozera mfundo yaikulu: kutentha kwa micro stepper motors sikungapeweke ndipo sikungapewedwe kwathunthu. Kutentha kwake makamaka kumachokera ku mbali ziwiri:

1. Kutayika kwachitsulo (kutayika kwapakati): Ma stator a mota amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zazitsulo za silicon, ndipo maginito osinthasintha amatulutsa mafunde a eddy ndi ma hysteresis mmenemo, zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha. Gawo ili la kutayika likugwirizana ndi liwiro la injini (kawirikawiri), ndipo kuthamanga kwapamwamba, kutayika kwachitsulo kumakhala kwakukulu.

2. Kutayika kwa mkuwa (kutayika kwachitsulo): Ichi ndiye gwero lalikulu la kutentha komanso gawo lomwe titha kuyang'ana pa kukhathamiritsa. Imatsatira lamulo la Joule: P = I ² × R.

P (kuchepa mphamvu): Mphamvu mwachindunji anasandulika kutentha.

Ine (panopa):Mphamvu yamagetsi imayenda mozungulira mozungulira.

R (Kukana):Kukaniza kwamkati kwa injini yokhotakhota.

Mwachidule, kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa kumayenderana ndi masikweya apano. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale kuwonjezereka pang'ono kwaposachedwa kungayambitse kutentha kwakukulu. Pafupifupi mayankho athu onse amazungulira momwe tingasamalire izi (I) mwasayansi.

Gawo 2: Zolakwa zazikulu zisanu - Kusanthula zifukwa zenizeni zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha thupi kwambiri

Kutentha kwa injini kukakwera kwambiri (monga kutentha kwambiri kosakhudza, nthawi zambiri kumapitilira 70-80 ° C), nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa chimodzi kapena zingapo mwazifukwa izi:

Cholakwa choyamba ndi chakuti kuyendetsa galimoto kumayikidwa kwambiri

Ichi ndiye chodziwika kwambiri komanso choyambirira. Kuti apeze torque yokulirapo, ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amatembenuza potentiometer yapano pa madalaivala (monga A4988, TMC2208, TB6600) kwambiri. Izi zinapangitsa kuti mphepo yamkuntho (I) ipitirire kwambiri mtengo wa galimotoyo, ndipo malinga ndi P = I ² × R, kutentha kunakula kwambiri. Kumbukirani: kuchuluka kwa torque kumabwera pamtengo wa kutentha.

Wolakwa Wachiwiri: Magetsi osayenera ndi kuyendetsa galimoto

Mphamvu yamagetsi yakwera kwambiri: Dongosolo la stepper motor limatenga "galimoto yapano", koma voteji yokwera kwambiri imatanthawuza kuti dalaivala amatha "kukankhira" mphamvuyo mumayendedwe amagalimoto mwachangu kwambiri, zomwe zimapindulitsa pakuwongolera kuthamanga kwambiri. Komabe, pa liwiro lotsika kapena pakupumula, magetsi ochulukirapo amatha kupangitsa kuti magetsi aziduka pafupipafupi, kukulitsa kutayika kwa ma switch ndikupangitsa kuti dalaivala ndi mota zitenthedwe.

Osagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono kapena magawo osakwanira:Mumayendedwe athunthu, mawonekedwe apano ndi mawonekedwe a square wave, ndipo pano akusintha kwambiri. Mtengo wapano mu koyilo umasintha mwadzidzidzi pakati pa 0 ndi kuchuluka kwake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale phokoso lalikulu komanso phokoso, komanso kuchepa kwachangu. Ndipo kuponda kwapang'ono kumawongolera mayendedwe apano (pafupifupi mafunde a sine), amachepetsa kutayika kwa ma harmonic ndi ma torque, amayenda bwino, ndipo nthawi zambiri amachepetsa kutentha kwapakati pamlingo wina.

Wolakwa Wachitatu: Kuchulukitsitsa kapena zovuta zamakina

Kuchulukitsidwa katundu: Ngati galimotoyo ikugwira ntchito pansi pa katundu pafupi kapena kupitirira torque yake yogwira kwa nthawi yaitali, kuti athe kugonjetsa kukana, dalaivala adzapitiriza kupereka zamakono, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwakukulu.

Kukangana kwamakina, kusanja bwino, ndi kupindika: Kuyika molakwika zolumikizirana, njanji zolondolera bwino, ndi zinthu zakunja mu wononga zotsogola zitha kuyambitsa katundu wowonjezera komanso wosafunika pa mota, kukakamiza kuti igwire ntchito molimbika ndikupanga kutentha kwambiri.

Wolakwa wachinayi: Kusankha molakwika kwagalimoto

Hatchi yaing'ono yokoka ngolo yaikulu. Ngati polojekitiyo ikufuna torque yayikulu, ndipo mumasankha injini yomwe ndi yaying'ono kwambiri (monga kugwiritsa ntchito NEMA 17 kuti igwire ntchito ya NEMA 23), ndiye kuti imatha kugwira ntchito mochulukira kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu ndi zotsatira zosapeŵeka.

Wolakwa Wachisanu: Malo ogwirira ntchito ndi osauka komanso kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono

Kutentha kwakukulu kozungulira: Galimoto imagwira ntchito pamalo otsekedwa kapena m'malo okhala ndi zotentha zina pafupi (monga mabedi osindikizira a 3D kapena mitu ya laser), zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kutentha kwake.

Kusakwanira kwa chilengedwe: The motor palokha ndi gwero kutentha. Ngati mpweya wozungulira sukuyenda, kutentha sikungathe kutengeka panthawi yake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha komanso kutentha kosalekeza.

Gawo 3: Mayankho Othandiza -5 Njira Zoziziritsira Zogwira Ntchito za Micro Stepper Motor Yanu

Titadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa, tikhoza kupereka mankhwala oyenera. Chonde thetsani mavuto ndi kukonza motere:

Yankho 1: Khazikitsani molondola kuyendetsa galimoto (yothandiza kwambiri, sitepe yoyamba)

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito:Gwiritsani ntchito ma multimeter kuti muyeze voteji yamakono (Vref) pa dalaivala, ndikuwerengera mtengo womwe ukugwirizana nawo malinga ndi ndondomekoyi (mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madalaivala osiyanasiyana). Khazikitsani ku 70% -90% ya gawo lovotera la injini. Mwachitsanzo, injini yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 1.5A ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa pakati pa 1.0A ndi 1.3A.

Chifukwa chiyani ndizothandiza: Imachepetsa mwachindunji I mu njira yopangira kutentha ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha nthawi zambiri. Pamene torque ikukwanira, iyi ndi njira yoziziritsira yotsika mtengo kwambiri.

Yankho 2: Konzani voteji ndikuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono

Mphamvu yamagetsi: Sankhani mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi liwiro lanu. Pamapulogalamu ambiri apakompyuta, 24V-36V ndimitundu yomwe imagwira bwino ntchito ndi kupanga kutentha. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi okwera kwambiri 

Yambitsani kutsika kwapang'ono kwapang'onopang'ono: Khazikitsani dalaivala kumayendedwe apamwamba kwambiri (monga 16 kapena 32 magawo). Izi sizimangobweretsa kusuntha kosavuta komanso kodekha, komanso kumachepetsa kutayika kwa ma harmonic chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osalala apano, omwe amathandizira kuchepetsa kutentha kwapakati panthawi yapakati komanso yotsika.

Yankho 3: Kuyika masinki otentha ndi kuziziritsa mpweya mokakamiza (kutulutsa kutentha kwathupi)

Zipsepse zowononga kutentha: Kwa ma motors ang'onoang'ono otsika (makamaka NEMA 17), kumamatira kapena kumangirira zipsepse za aluminiyamu zotenthetsera kutentha kwanyumba ndi njira yolunjika komanso yotsika mtengo. Kuzama kwa kutentha kumawonjezera kwambiri kutentha kwapagalimoto, pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wachilengedwe kuchotsa kutentha.

Kuziziritsa mpweya mokakamiza: Ngati kutentha kwakuya sikuli koyenera, makamaka m'malo otsekedwa, kuwonjezera fani yaing'ono (monga 4010 kapena 5015 fan) kuti muzitha kuziziritsa mpweya ndiye njira yothetsera vutoli. Kuyenda kwa mpweya kumatha kutengera kutentha mwachangu, ndipo kuziziritsa kumakhala kofunika kwambiri. Uwu ndiye mchitidwe wokhazikika pa osindikiza a 3D ndi makina a CNC.

Yankho 4: Konzani Zokonda pagalimoto (Njira Zapamwamba)

Ma drive ambiri anzeru amakono, amapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba:

StealthShop II&SpreadCycle: Ndi mawonekedwe awa, injini ikakhala itayima kwakanthawi, kuyendetsa komweko kumangotsika mpaka 50% kapena kutsika komwe kumagwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chakuti injini imakhala yokhazikika nthawi zambiri, ntchitoyi imatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa static.

Chifukwa chiyani zimagwira ntchito: Kusamalira mwanzeru zamakono, kupereka mphamvu zokwanira pakafunika, kuchepetsa zinyalala pamene sikufunika, ndi mwachindunji kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuziziritsa ku gwero.

Yankho 5: Yang'anani mawonekedwe amakina ndikusankhanso (yankho lofunika)

Kuwunika kwamakina: tembenuzani pamanja shaft ya mota (yozimitsa mphamvu) ndikumva ngati ili yosalala. Yang'anani njira yonse yopatsirana kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe madera olimba, kukangana, kapena kupindika. Makina osalala amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kulemedwa kwagalimoto.

Kusankhanso: Ngati mutatha kuyesa njira zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi, injiniyo ikadali yotentha ndipo torque sikwanira, ndiye kuti galimotoyo yasankhidwa yaying'ono kwambiri. Kusintha injiniyo ndi mawonekedwe okulirapo (monga kukweza kuchokera ku NEMA 17 kupita ku NEMA 23) kapena yapano yovotera kwambiri, ndikuilola kuti igwire ntchito m'malo ake otonthoza, mwachilengedwe idzathetsa vuto la kutentha.

Tsatirani ndondomekoyi kuti mufufuze:

Kuyang'anizana ndi motor stepper yotentha kwambiri, mutha kuthetsa vutoli mwadongosolo potsatira izi:

Motor ikutentha kwambiri

Khwerero 1: Yang'anani ngati galimoto yamakono yakhazikitsidwa kwambiri?

Khwerero 2: Onani ngati katundu wamakina ndi wolemetsa kwambiri kapena kukangana ndikwambiri?

Gawo 3: Ikani zida zoziziritsira thupi

Ikani chotengera kutentha

Onjezani kuziziritsa mpweya mokakamiza (fafani yaying'ono)

Kodi kutentha kwasintha?

Khwerero 4: Ganizirani za kusankhanso ndikusintha ndi mtundu wokulirapo